These buildings have replaced the fortifications, formerly based on the ramparts of Saint Augustine (today crossing with Largo Carlo Felice), and the dock (at the corner of Viale Regina Margherita) demolished in 1863. These big palaces are formed by arcaded buildings that stand out for the combination of different decorative styles such as that one of the Renaissance and Art Nouveau.

In 1870, Via Roma was known as “Via San Francesco ”, and consisted of a series of small houses on the ground floor and first floor where families of workers and seafarers used to live. A row of houses was also located close to the pier bastions. They were public housing whose lower floors were occupied by small shops or popular trattorias. The construction of the port, was preceded by the demolition of those houses next to the dock in 1881.

In the area where the Rinascente palace was built, there was the building of the Iris cinema, and some large factories, later transferred to the outskirts of the town. After the Rinascente palace, we find the porticoed buildings constituting the “Palazzata”( an Italian word to define a series of palaces close to each other): the Magnini palaces built between 1894 and 1895 next to Baylle street; the Putzu-Spano palace dated back to the thirties; the Garzia palace built between 1894 and 1905 delimited by Via Napoli and Via Barcelona; ​​the Lione-Manca building erected between 1924 and 1934, it was the location of the Olympia cinema. The Devoto palace built in 1870 close to the church of San Francesco di Paola, and Vascellari Beretta mansion, located between Via Lepanto and Via Concezione. At the end of these palaces, the Regional Council, the Ravenna building dated back to 1910 and the INA palace built in the fifties, which has taken the place of Zamberletti palace destroyed during the bombing in 1943.

Oncological Hospital

Commonly called sanatorium

The garden of the Capuchins friars was built in 1595 on a hill on the west side of the Roman Amphitheatre . The Convent of the Friars had a vast tract of land used as a garden for the cultivation of medicinal plants, in which there were some ancient cisterns of the Roman Period.
From Vico I Merello there is the access to the vast area called the "Garden of the Capuchins". In 1595, the Capuchins had founded on the hill to the west of the Amphitheatre their first convent in Sardinia, provided whith a large land used as a vegetable garden, and incorporating some ancient cisterns in their lot. The monastery grew rapidly, considering that in 1649 it included not  less than 65 cells for the monks, in addition to the kitchen and the refectory. Such a rapid development of the convent, with the presence of a woolen mill, an infirmary and a large garden for the cultivation of medicinal plants, was made ​​possible only thanks to the availability of a large amount of water, especially guaranteed by the presence of a cistern into which, thanks to a complex work of channeling, rain water flowed. Capuchin Father Giorgio Aleo, a famous author of "Chronological History of Sardinia" relates a story on Cagliari plague of 1656, which probably refers to the cistern of the Garden of the Capuchins. The Aleo writes that in the last days of May 1656 the mortality in Cagliari became so high, that there were not grave-diggers enough to bury the dead. Faced with a growing number of unburied corpses, the magistrate health then decided to bury the dead in wells and cisterns and the dead in Castello quarter ended in an old cistern close to the Capuchins.
In the garden of the Capuchins, now owned by the city, there are several monumental cisterns dug into the limestone rock for a long time attributed to the Punic period. However these  are instead quarries of building blocks opened perhaps in the I-II century AD, for the construction of the nearby Roman amphitheater. They were used as tanks at a later time, once waterproofed with earthenware (a lime plaster mixed with shredded pieces). The largest could hold up to one million liters of rainwater coming from the amphitheater through a long underground tunnel still viable. Thanks to various exploration carried out in 1997 by the Speleological Group Specus through the cavity, it was found that in ancient times the cave  suffered a further readjustment in old prison, as evidenced by the numerous metal rings  observable along the walls intended for fastening the chains. At one of these was discovered an important early Christian graffito, perhaps dating back to the early 4th century AD. This would be, according to a hypothesis of a symbolic image of Navicula Petri, the ship of the Church, with the tree of sailing  consisting of a monogrammatic cross  and on the deck  the twelve Apostles, "fishers of men", schematically represented throwing the nets. The author should probably be identified in an unknown Christian martyr, detained before being killed, perhaps in the games of the amphitheatre.

The Botanical Garden was opened in 1866 under the direction of Prof. Patrizio Gennari.

Nowadays, it contains about 2,000 species, predominantly of Mediterranean origins, but with a good collection of succulent and tropical plants as well. The garden is divided in three main sections:

- plants from Mediterranean, which represent the main three sections of the vegetation in Sardinia, as well as the species coming from Australia, California and Chile;

- succulent plants, about 1,000 species of plants such as the Echinocereus, Euphorbia, Lamphrantus, Mammillaria, Opuntia, etc, grown in greenhouses and outdoor, almost equally split between species from Africa and America;

- tropical plants.

All in, the garden contains about 600 trees and 550 shrubs. Of special merit is the area dedicated to the collection of palms (stretched for 4000 m2) with about 60 species of Euphorbia canariensis, with the extension of 100 m2. The garden area has also a considerable archaeological importance because of the presence of tanks and wells from the Roman period.