The church was founded with the convent in 1646 by the canon Francesco Gaviano. It was called the Church of San Mauro in honour of the martyr whose relics were found in the necropolis of the basilica of San Saturnino . It is an area previously occupied by a church dedicated to the Virgin of Health. The convent includes an interesting porticoed cloister, in the center of which there is a tank used for collecting water. The novitiate and the study of theology are located in the convent of the church.

The rise of the Carmelite Order is linked to a group of Christian faithful (penitents, pilgrims) who, coming from Europe, settled in Mount Carmel more or less in the period of the third crusade, 1189-1192. Since the occupation of the Saracens, who had conquered Jerusalem, was underway, the pilgrims had to find safe places in the Holy Land. This is one of the reasons why they lived on Mount Carmel, belonging to the Latin Kingdom and protected by military fortresses. Mount Carmel is the last part of a mountain range in the Holy Land, today Israel. The Order is made up of two families: the Carmelite Order and the Order of the Discalced Carmelites, which in a precise historical moment split from the primitive stock. In official documents the Order of the Discalced Carmelites is called "Order of the Discalced Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel". The Carmelite Rule is the norm of life of Saint Albert, given to the Carmelites between 1206 and 1214 while he was Patriarch of Jerusalem; was definitively approved as a true Carmelite Rule by Innocent IV in 1247. The Carmelite Rule states that it is fundamental: "to live in the respect of Jesus Christ and to serve faithfully to him with a pure heart and with a good conscience".

Not only tiles. The collection of “riggiole”, kept in a workshop (now closed) in via Lamarmora (Castello district), consists of 126 artifacts, catalogued by the owner Mercedes Mariotti and is of exceptional artistic and historical interest.

These ceramic tiles adorned the city apartments in the past, with their typical designs and colours, and in particular those of Castello district. It is here that the ancient “riggiole” found worthy accommodation, in a place at the ground floor of a historic building of 1650 (protected by the Superintendency ), a short walk from the Cathedral.

In 15 years of activity, the owner has collected hundreds of “riggiole” (ceramic tiles) of the old town, many of them were discovered during the restoration works of the workshop, today a museum, with a juniper ceiling, a Moloch God and a Templar cross engraved on the walls of limestone, two Punic cisterns( if not Nuragic) within which, objects now on display in the window were discovered (two terracotta pots, old gutters, shells, old medicinal vials).